Devices Course reference overlay

Transients / Leakage · advanced

Ripple shows four verified steady-state cycles with finite L/C ripple. Settling extends the solve within a fixed budget; failure is reported. Ideal keeps the existing course reductions or ideal-component dynamics.

Transients · startup from zero energy

Transients includes startup and switch-cycle ripple. Leakage independently adds finite magnetic coupling and an inspectable primary RC snubber, validated only for recognized flyback and reset-forward. Unavailable circuits keep this control disabled.

Leakage coupling k Snubber C (µF) Snubber R (Ω) Minimum steps

Inspect effective circuit JSON

Ideal devices means zero diode drop/on resistance and zero switch on resistance. The source feed and snubber resistor remain explicit losses. Configured losses retains editable conduction parameters, including 0.01 Ω diode resistance by default. No recovery, avalanche, saturation or nonlinear Coss model.

Select a component

Editing help

Choose an Add type, then click the canvas to place it. Esc cancels. Select Draw pipe, then click anywhere to start and click again to finish. Press Esc or click Draw pipe again to return to selection. Circles along pipes create branches; nearby terminals snap automatically. Red rings mark loose ends. Drag empty space to pan. Drag to move with wires. Shift-drag detaches and leaves wire ends in place. Drop a loose two-terminal part onto a highlighted pipe to insert in series. Press R to rotate 90°. Click a pipe circle to branch. Crossings do not create connections.

Click a switch body to toggle it manually (drag to move it). A diode is a swing check valve: the plate rests on a seat and can open only with forward flow. An integrated-diode switch uses the same plate with a side handwheel: the wheel drives it open, and reverse flow can lift it from the same stop while the wheel is off. Click a component to probe its voltage and current; click a wire to probe its voltage.

Water & pressure appearance

Pressure view Color scale Pressure contrast 2.5×Darker blue = higher relative pressure. Nonlinear colors exaggerate small differences; equal pressure stays the same color. Winding-only views keep external pipes neutral.

Playback speed 0.1×

Waveforms

Advanced display controls

Color reference Travel gain

Selected signal · values & calculations

Layout & simulation scope

Auto-arrange searches positions, rotations and winding port orientations, scoring crossings, spacing, bends and pipe length. The default view fits the whole circuit; zoom in to inspect details. Locked components stay fixed. Select a pipe and drag its square bend handles to guide its route; Reset pipe route restores automatic routing. Saved documents retain these bends. Run supports DC and sinusoidal supplies, resistors, capacitors, inductors, 2–4 coupled windings, PWM switches and up to eight diodes. Converter presets are editable startup simulations; their output is not assumed to be in steady state. Coupled groups default to exact coupling (k = 1). Reducing coupling adds leakage and may require a clamp. Isolated circuits use independent voltage references, without an electrical ground connection between them. Gear outlines show turns ratios; winding engagement and the common flywheel distinguish transfer from stored energy. The buffer keeps its exact RC solver; edited circuits use backward Euler. Diodes use the selected forward drop plus 0.01 Ω conducting resistance, with no reverse current or recovery. Capacitors begin uncharged and inductors at zero current. Automatic capacitors use the compact DC view unless their voltage reverses; the AC view has two springs and signed travel. DC-only mode rejects reverse voltage. An interrupted inductor needs a freewheel path; parasitic capacitance and breakdown are not invented. Floating nodes and inconsistent ideal constraints report errors. Click a switch to override its pulse; Restore automatic pulse removes the override.

Experimental circuit import

Preview an RLC circuit with constant voltage supplies before replacing the current circuit.

Supported formats and export instructions

LTspice: View → SPICE Netlist; save UTF-8 .cir/.net/.sp or paste text. Supports R, L, C, constant V and one uniform K group per 2–4 windings.

KiCad: File → Export → Netlist → KiCad (.net), or kicad-cli sch export netlist --format kicadsexpr. Supports standard Device R/R_Small, C/C_Small/C_Polarized/CP/CP1, L/L_Small and Battery/Battery_Cell, pins 1 and 2. Use a literal voltage for the battery and one net named GND, 0, /GND or /0.

Direct .kicad_sch, .asc, XML, semiconductors, models, expressions, controlled/time-varying sources and initial conditions are unsupported. No device is silently skipped or substituted.

Format Netlist text (UTF-8, up to 1 MB; 24 electrical parts)

Experimental educational simulation: ideal linear parts and wires, zero stored energy at startup, backward Euler. This is not full SPICE compatibility or trace replay. General Ideal retains network dynamics; automatic Leakage protection is unavailable.